Hwarang, also known as the “Flowering Knights,” were an elite group of male youth in Silla, an ancient Korean kingdom that lasted from 57 BC to 935 AD. These young men played a crucial role in shaping Korean culture, history, and martial arts. By teaching students about Hwarang, we can provide them with a better understanding of Korean traditions, values, and the significance of preserving cultural heritage.

Background of Hwarang

The Hwarang were formed in the 6th century through the efforts of Queen Sondok and King Jinheung. They were chosen from noble families based on their appearance, intelligence, talent, and dedication to the nation. Hwarang were trained in various fields such as warfare, literature, music, dance, and religion. They were expected to adhere to five codes of conduct – loyalty to the country, respect for parents, trust among friends, courage in battle, and avoidance of unnecessary violence.

Teaching the Values and Philosophy

It is essential to teach students about the values and philosophy that served as the foundation for Hwarang. Students should learn about their dedication to personal growth and harmony with nature. The Hwarang practiced Wonhwa-do (원화도), which means the “Way of harmonious flower.” It promotes self-cultivation by balancing physical training with mental and spiritual development.

Techniques and Martial Arts

Students should also learn about the various martial arts techniques practiced by the Hwarang. The traditional martial art called Taekkyeon (택견) was developed by these elite warriors. Taekkyeon emphasizes fluidity of movements, footwork coordination, flexibility, and low-to-high kicking techniques.

Incorporating Art & Culture into Lessons

To foster understanding of Hwarang’s artistic and cultural contributions, teachers can incorporate music, dance, and literature into their lessons. They can introduce students to traditional Korean music like hyangak (향악) and dance forms such as Seungmu (승무). Teachers can also assign readings from the Hwarang Segi (화랑세기), a historical text that provides insights into the Hwarang’s lives and beliefs.

Conclusion

Teaching students about Hwarang allows them to gain valuable knowledge about Korean history, culture, values, and martial arts traditions. By understanding the passion and dedication of these ancient warriors, students can develop their own sense of discipline, respect for others, and appreciation for cultural heritage. Whether through martial art training or exploring artistic and literary expressions in the classroom, educators have multiple ways to bring the fascinating world of Hwarang to life for today’s students.